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Identification of coding regions using DNA spectrogram analysis
Spíchalová, Barbora ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Kubicová, Vladimíra (advisor)
The Bachelor’s Thesis deals with coding identification of coding regions using DNA spectrogram analysis. The theoretical part describes numerical representations of genomic data and methods for editing DNA sequences. The types of methods used for DNA spektrogram construction and characteristic patterns detected by spectrogram are described. The most used method for data processing is discrete Fourier transformation that enables us to scan sequences for required data. There is also a theoretical part about creating a spectrogram and a list of detected samples. Knowledge of this is used to program specific methods in Matlab. We created a program for detection of coding parts in Spectrogram and defining their accurate positions in the sequence. Acquired results are discussed and compared with the NCBI database at the end of this work.
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Genomic Data Mining Techniques
Jaša, Petr ; Křivka, Zbyněk (referee) ; Burgetová, Ivana (advisor)
First of all, this thesis sets itself a goal to introduce some common technics for datamining in genomics and as a next step to implement own algorithm like algorithm BLAST. In the concrete, this work is pointed to sequences of DNA. The DNA sequence contains in itself genetic information, which is template for living organism. For explanation this information can be used number of technics. This paper describes algorithm Fasta and algorithms from BLAST family. With these algorithms, it is possible to gain a lot of important information even about such DNA sequences, where only primary structure is known. Principle of these algorithms is based on alignments of one query sequence, which we want to obtain some information from, with many sequences stored in database. According to result alignment, it is possible to determine many features of the query sequence.
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Fractal of DNA sequence data
Nedvěd, Jiří ; Čech, Petr (referee) ; Valla, Martin (advisor)
This project is looking for fractal structury in DNA sequence data, which be maped in square ACGT. First, this project is introduced in problematics of fractals and targeted on making of Sierpinski gasket. Second, the project is introduced in DNA and DNA sequence. Next is sketched now known fractal’s structures in DNA sequence data or fractal’s structure closed DNA sequence. Then will changed metod chaos game of Sierpinski gasket to square ACGT, in where will drawen map of DNA sequences. Next, these pictures will processed by Box Counting Method and Power Spectrum Method.
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Phylogeography of temperate plant species with the focus on Central Europe
Daneck, Hana
Phylogeography of temperate plant species with the focus on Central Europe Hana Daneck Charles University Prague Faculty of Science Department of Botany Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Karol Marhold, CSc. Consultant: Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D. Praha 2012 Abstract This thesis presents contribution to clarification of postglacial history of temperate plant taxa in Europe with the focus on especially interesting region of Central Europe, for which diverse roles in postglacial plant histories were suggested. The first part of the thesis summarises general phylogeographical views and methodological approaches with the respect to species history after the last ice age in Europe. Further, the most important aspects of phylogeography of European temperate plant taxa are discussed. The second part contains a set of papers dealing with selected European temperate plant species, for which phylogeographical patterns throughout their present distribution area were inferred, including assumptions on the origin of their contemporary Central European populations and comparisons with another previously studied species.
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Genomic Data Mining Techniques
Jaša, Petr ; Křivka, Zbyněk (referee) ; Burgetová, Ivana (advisor)
First of all, this thesis sets itself a goal to introduce some common technics for datamining in genomics and as a next step to implement own algorithm like algorithm BLAST. In the concrete, this work is pointed to sequences of DNA. The DNA sequence contains in itself genetic information, which is template for living organism. For explanation this information can be used number of technics. This paper describes algorithm Fasta and algorithms from BLAST family. With these algorithms, it is possible to gain a lot of important information even about such DNA sequences, where only primary structure is known. Principle of these algorithms is based on alignments of one query sequence, which we want to obtain some information from, with many sequences stored in database. According to result alignment, it is possible to determine many features of the query sequence.
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Mitogenomic phylogeography and adaptive evolution of the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus
Filipi, Karolína ; Kotlík, Petr (advisor) ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee)
This thesis is a part of the project aimed at sequencing the genome and transcriptome of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus). The role of natural selection in the evolution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been subject to much discussion; while some studies did not provide evidence that selection affected the phylogeography of the studied species, other considered adaptive evolution important. The bank vole is the key model we use to study the adaptation to climate change. As with other species, the phylogeography of the bank vole has been based on the variation of a small part of mtDNA. The goal of the thesis was to sequence the entire mitochondrial genome for representatives of all main mtDNA lineages of the bank vole using the Sanger and Illumina technologies, and to assess the role of selection and adaptation in the evolution and phylogeography of this species. The adaptive evolution in mtDNA probably was not the main driving force during the postlacial colonization of Europe. However, signatures of adaptive evolution have been found - an amino acid change with possible functional consequences in one gene and an excess of radical changes in physical- chemical properties of amino acids in populations at the latitudinal (northern and southern) extremes of the bank vole distribution. Key...
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Phylogeography of temperate plant species with the focus on Central Europe
Daneck, Hana
Phylogeography of temperate plant species with the focus on Central Europe Hana Daneck Charles University Prague Faculty of Science Department of Botany Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Karol Marhold, CSc. Consultant: Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D. Praha 2012 Abstract This thesis presents contribution to clarification of postglacial history of temperate plant taxa in Europe with the focus on especially interesting region of Central Europe, for which diverse roles in postglacial plant histories were suggested. The first part of the thesis summarises general phylogeographical views and methodological approaches with the respect to species history after the last ice age in Europe. Further, the most important aspects of phylogeography of European temperate plant taxa are discussed. The second part contains a set of papers dealing with selected European temperate plant species, for which phylogeographical patterns throughout their present distribution area were inferred, including assumptions on the origin of their contemporary Central European populations and comparisons with another previously studied species.
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Phylogeography of temperate plant species with the focus on Central Europe
Daneck, Hana ; Marhold, Karol (advisor) ; Štech, Milan (referee) ; Tremetsberger, Karin (referee)
Phylogeography of temperate plant species with the focus on Central Europe Ph.D. Thesis Hana Daneck Charles University Prague Faculty of Science Department of Botany Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Karol Marhold, CSc. Consultant: Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D. Praha 2012 2 Summary This thesis presents contribution to clarification of postglacial history of temperate plant taxa in Europe with the focus on especially interesting region of Central Europe, for which diverse roles in postglacial plant histories were suggested. The first part of the thesis summarises general phylogeographical views and methodological approaches with the respect to species history after the last ice age in Europe. Further, the most important aspects of phylogeography of European temperate plant taxa are discussed. The second part contains a set of papers dealing with selected European temperate plant species, for which phylogeographical patterns throughout their present distribution area were inferred, including assumptions on the origin of their contemporary Central European populations and comparisons with another previously studied species. Paper 1: Phylogeographic pattern of the European forest grass species Hordelymus europaeus: cpDNA evidence. This paper presents phylogeographical pattern based on chloroplast haplotype variation covering the...
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Identification of coding regions using DNA spectrogram analysis
Spíchalová, Barbora ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Kubicová, Vladimíra (advisor)
The Bachelor’s Thesis deals with coding identification of coding regions using DNA spectrogram analysis. The theoretical part describes numerical representations of genomic data and methods for editing DNA sequences. The types of methods used for DNA spektrogram construction and characteristic patterns detected by spectrogram are described. The most used method for data processing is discrete Fourier transformation that enables us to scan sequences for required data. There is also a theoretical part about creating a spectrogram and a list of detected samples. Knowledge of this is used to program specific methods in Matlab. We created a program for detection of coding parts in Spectrogram and defining their accurate positions in the sequence. Acquired results are discussed and compared with the NCBI database at the end of this work.
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Fractal of DNA sequence data
Nedvěd, Jiří ; Čech, Petr (referee) ; Valla, Martin (advisor)
This project is looking for fractal structury in DNA sequence data, which be maped in square ACGT. First, this project is introduced in problematics of fractals and targeted on making of Sierpinski gasket. Second, the project is introduced in DNA and DNA sequence. Next is sketched now known fractal’s structures in DNA sequence data or fractal’s structure closed DNA sequence. Then will changed metod chaos game of Sierpinski gasket to square ACGT, in where will drawen map of DNA sequences. Next, these pictures will processed by Box Counting Method and Power Spectrum Method.
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